26. Introduction to Calculus of Variations#

Contents

  • Basics. Definition of a functional, definition of a variation, stationariety principle: Lagrange equations, Euler-Beltrami equation

  • Examples. Shortest path between two points; Fermat principle; Lagrangian formulation of classical mechanics, and special relativity

  • Extra.

    • Variational principle must have an invariant form, i.e. it must not depent on arbitrary choices of coordinates or parameters that have no geometrical or physical invariant nature

    • Parametrization of the integral with a parameters whose value depends on the integral itself. E.g.: arc-length parametrization of the length of a curve; arc-length parametrization of time in Fermat principle;…